University of Montana Wildlife Spatial Analysis Laboratory 19960612 Missoula, Montana University of Montana The Wildlife Spatial Analysis Lab produced several raster data sets based on 18 Landsat Thematic Mapper scenes imaged between July 6, 1991 and September 25, 1993. The images were classifed and merged into single raster datasets that cover northern Idaho, western Montana, and Yellowstone National Park. This area is approximately equivalent to the U.S. Forest Service's Northern Region (Region One). The themes created were land cover, canopy closure, lifeform type, and tree size or shrub size. The minimum mapping unit for these scenes was 2 hectares, or approximately 5 acres. A data set is included to identify riparian vegetation in stream valleys, with no minumum mapping unit. The lab published an executive summary and a in-depth report on the project and its result. These are included with the data archive and they are available at at https://ftpgeoinfo.msl.mt.gov/Documents/Metadata/SILC_1_Summary.pdf and https://ftpgeoinfo.msl.mt.gov/Documents/Metadata/SILC_1_Report.pdf. This data was produced for the U.S. Forest Service Northern Region to map existing vegetation and land cover in a standardized, consistent manner across Northern Idaho and Western Montana. By providing an integrated GIS database, users can query and process information contained in many layers in a cost-efficient manner and at a controlled level of accuracy. The results provide a powerful tool for the Forest Service and other land management agencies to examine vegetation patterns across large areas of mixed ownerships and to conduct the following types of analyses and applications: broadscale assessment and planning efforts, such as the Columbia River Basin project; revision of National Forest Plans (Analysis of the Management Situation, cumulative effects and trade-off analyses, existing condition, alternative development) identification of land management projects that will achieve the ultimate goals of producing goods and services for people within the sustainable capacity of ecosystems monitoring trends in existing vegetation and evaluating whether land management activities have had desired effects. 19910706 19930925 ground condition -119.2093 -108.0898 50.0487 43.2869 -117.6280,49.7857,-118.6853,46.8602,-117.2689,46.6652,-117.6903,45.4508,-116.2865,45.2444,-116.7231,43.9647,-114.4156,43.6288,-114.3275,43.8451,-112.8594,43.6305,-112.7787,43.8459,-111.3176,43.6289,-111.2314,43.8525,-109.7368,43.6242,-107.9415,48.0780,-110.4694,48.4322,-110.5381,48.2386,-112.0082,48.4485,-112.0846,48.2339,-112.5084,48.3107,-111.9705,49.4928,-114.5275,49.8679,-114.6261,49.6609,-116.1279,49.8678,-116.2111,49.5913,-117.6280,49.7859 ISO 19115 Topic Category biota imageryBaseMapsEarthCover canopy closure lifeform life form tree size shrub size riparian vegetation landcover land cover land use Landsat Thematic Mapper MNDVI Montana Idaho Region 1 Region One Northern Region Yellowstone National Park None The Montana State Library provides this product/service for informational purposes only. The Library did not produce it for, nor is it suitable for legal, engineering, or surveying purposes. Consumers of this information should review or consult the primary data and information sources to ascertain the viability of the information for their purposes. The Library provides these data in good faith but does not represent or warrant its accuracy, adequacy, or completeness. In no event shall the Library be liable for any incorrect results or analysis; any direct, indirect, special, or consequential damages to any party; or any lost profits arising out of or in connection with the use or the inability to use the data or the services provided. The Library makes these data and services available as a convenience to the public, and for no other purpose. The Library reserves the right to change or revise published data and/or services at any time. Wildlife Spatial Analysis Laboratory Roland L. Redmond Principal Investigator mailing and physical address

University of Montana

Missoula Montana 59812 406-243-5372 406-243-6064 red@atlas.wru.umt.edu http://docs.msl.mt.gov/geoinfo/Images/Metadata/wsal1.gif http://docs.msl.mt.gov/geoinfo/Images/Metadata/wsal2.gif http://docs.msl.mt.gov/geoinfo/Images/Metadata/wsal4.gif http://docs.msl.mt.gov/geoinfo/Images/Metadata/wsal5.gif http://docs.msl.mt.gov/geoinfo/Images/Metadata/wsal6.gif See the Wildlife Spatial Analysis Laboratory's Final Report, beginning on page 66 (PDF page 75), for a complete assesment of the attribute accuracy. This is a summary of that report. The accuracy of covertype was assessed against ground truth plots. The map accuracy of each plot was determined to be either a perfect match, an acceptable error (such as Lodgepole Pine being mapped as Limber Pine), or an unacceptable error (such as grassland being mapped as forest). These are the results for each scene, in percent. These do not include the covertypes of Urban, Agriculture, or Cloud. Scene Covertype Covertype Scene Covertype Covertype Number Correct Acceptable Number Correct Acceptable . p43r26 51 83 p40r27 28 54 p43r27 36 65 p40r28 47 70 p42r26 28 59 p40r29 53 62 p42r27 42 70 p39r27 78 82 p42r28 21 55 p39r28 51 69 p41r26 22 60 p39r29 47 77 p41r27 25 64 p38r27 27 51 p41r28 24 55 p38r28 33 60 p41r29 70 78 p38r29 31 52 Claimed root-mean square error for horizontal position of the terrain-corrected Landsat TM images is 18 meters in the x direction (WNW-ESE) and 30 meters in the y direction (NNE-SSW). Hughes STX Corporation EROS Data Center Sioux Falls, SD 57198 (605) 594-6572 19960503 remote-sensing image Sioux Falls, SD Hughes STX Corporation scene scene image % cloud id name date cover P42/R26 Lake Koocanusa/Eureka 08/14/92 2 P42/R27 Thompson Falls/Noxon 08/14/92 0 P41/R26 Glacier National Park 09/06/91 1 P41/R27 Missoula/Flathead Lake 07/20/91 1 P41/R28 Selway/Bitterroot 07/20/91 1 P41/R29 Salmon River 06/04/92 1 P40/R27 East Front/Choteau 07/31/92 2 P40/R28 Georgetown Lake 07/29/91 2 P40/R29 Beaverhead/Big Hole 07/31/92 0 P39/R27 Highwood Mts/Benton Lake 07/06/91 1 P39/R28 Canyon Ferry Res/Bozeman 07/22/91 2 P39/R29 Centennial Valley 08/09/92 1 P38/R27 Judith Mts/Winifred 07/31/91 1 P38/R28 Crazy Mountains 07/31/91 1 P38/R29 Yellowstone Park 07/15/91 5 60000 19910706 19920814 ground condition TMSTX These are the Landsat TM scenes that were classified to create 15 of the 18 data sets. U.S. Geological Survey EROS Data Center Sioux Falls, SD 57198-6151 (605) 594-6151 19940730 remote-sensing image Sioux Falls, SD U.S. Geological Survey scene scene image % cloud id name date cover P43/R26 Priest Lake 09/25/93 0 P43/R27 Coeur d'Alene/Spokane 08/08/93 0 P42/R28 Dworshak Reservoir/Kooskia 06/14/93 10 60000 19930614 19930925 ground condition TMUSGS These are the Landsat TM scenes that were classified to create 3 of the 18 data sets. U.S. Geological Survey 1996 map Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey See http://edcwww.cr.usgs.gov/nsdi/html/dem75/dem75 for a list of sources used by the USGS to create these files. 60000 19790701 1996 publication date DEMUSGS This is the source of about 97 percent of the elevation data covering the study area. See http://nris.mt.gov/ftp/montana/dem/dem.html for the region for which this data was available. The mean elevation of each spectral region was a factor in the final supervised classification of some of the land cover types. U.S. Geological Survey map Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey See http://nsdi.usgs.gov/nsdi/wais/maps/dem1deg.html for a complete description of how the 3 arc-second DEMs were created. 250000 DEM250 This is the source of about 2 percent of the elevation data in the study area. The mean elevation of each spectral region was a factor in the final supervised classification of some of the land cover types. Hughes STX Corporation EROS Data Center Sioux Falls, SD 57198 (605) 594-6572 map Sioux Falls, SD Hughes STX Corporation See http://nsdi.usgs.gov/nsdi/wais/maps/dem1deg.html for a complete description of how the 3 arc-second DEMs were created. The process by which Hughes STX resampled the data to 30-meter resolution is proprietary. 250000 DEMSTX This is the source of about 1 percent of the elevation data in the study area. The mean elevation of each spectral region was a factor in the final supervised classification of some of the land cover types. U.S. Forest Service Northern Region Ranger Districts unpublished material map 671 7.5-minute quadrangles were selected for field sampling. A spectral class map was created for each quadrangle, and Forest Service field crews attempted to visit as many different spectral regions as possible in each quadrangle and classify them. The locations where the classifications were made were recorded by GPS. In all, 22,125 locations were sampled. 19940430 19951003 ground condition GDTR1 80 percent of the Ground Truth points were entered as training sets for the supervised classification. The remaining 20 percent of the points were used to assess the accuracy of the classification. U.S. Forest Service Northern Region Ranger Districts unpublished material map These are 9244 field samples from existing Forest Service databases collected before 1994. GDTR2 80 percent of the Ground Truth points were entered as training sets for the supervised classification. The remaining 20 percent of the points were used to assess the accuracy of the classification. Perform unsupervised classification of TM scenes. This step was performed with ERDAS and VIMAP software. See pages 14 (PDF page 23) and G.1 (PDF page 900) of the Final Report for more detailed information. TMSTX TMUSGS 19940424 TMCL1 Regroup the classes produced in the unsupervised classification to produce fewer classes. This typically reduced the number of classes per image from 60-80 down to 30-40. See pages 15 (PDF page 24) and G.9 (PDF page 908) of the Final Report for more detailed information. TMCL1 19940425 TMCL2 Run majority filter to eliminate "salt and pepper" pixels. See pages 15 (PDF page 24) and G.16 (PDF page 915) of the Final Report for more detailed information. TMCL2 19940425 TMCL3 Merge regions less than the Minumum Mapping Unit size of 2 hectares (about 22 pixels) with their most similar neighbors. See pages 16 (PDF page 25) and G.11 (PDF page 910) of the Final Report for more detailed information. Data was converted from ERDAS format to Arc/Info Grid format after this step. TMCL3 19940427 TMCL4 Analyze all the U.S.G.S. quadrangles in the study area to determine their spectral diversity according to the merged unsupervised classification grids. TMCL4 19940430 QDCLS Select the U.S.G.S. quadrangles where training set data will be collected. Select approximately 40 quads in each of the 18 TM scenes such that the spectral diversity of the selected set is maximized, while ensuring that rare spectral classes are represented. See page D.1 (PDF page 118) of the Final Report for more detailed information. QDCLS 19940530 QDSMP Gather the ground truth database. Performed in the field by Forest Service personell according to the ECODATA method (Keane, R. E., M. E. Jensen, and W. J. Hann. 1990. ECODATA and ECOPAC: analytical tools for integrated resource management. The Compiler, 8(3):24-29, 31, 33-37.) QDSMP 19951003 GDTR1 Process the ground truth databases: Verify that the location attributes of the plots in the databases agree with the attributes of which quad, TM scene, and spectral class the plots were supposed to be in. Plots which could not be resolved to their correct locations and spectral values were discarded. See the page 27 of the Final Report (PDF page 36) for more information. GDTR1 GDTR2 19951130 GDTR3 Build a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) for each TM scene: Collect 30-meter DEMs from the USGS and Hughes STX, and choose the best data where duplication existed. Create patches from 250K DEM data where no 30-meter data exists. Manually correct any errors in the 30-meter data, and merge the individual 7.5 minute quadrangles into 60x30 minute quadrangles. Fill in any null values between 7.5 minute quads with averages of adjacent values. See Appendix B of the Final Report (PDF page 103) for additional details. DEMUSGS DEMSTX DEM250 19960120 DEMFIN Build a Value Attribute Table for each TM scene: For each spectral region, determine the mean elevation and slope and the majority aspect using the DEM data. Determine the mean MNDVI and mean value of each TM spectral channel using the original scene data. Determine the area in hectares, perimeter, and x and y center coordinate. TMCL4 TMSTX TMUSGS DEMFIN 19960221 TMCL5 Label agricultural, urban, and cloud areas: Manually determine which spectal regions are agriculture, urban, or cloud and assign the covertype of these regions. TMCL5 19960229 TMCL6 Label cover type, size class, life form, and canopy: Perform supervised classification of the spectral regions based on the training data. This was an iterative process that included automatic assignment of a cover type to each spectral region based on the training data, evaluation of the results, modification of the training data and addition of new training sets based on the Forest Service's knowledge of ground truth, re-doing the automatic classification, and manual or automatic modification of the results based on combinations of the covertype assigned by the automatic classification with elevation and slope. See page 30 (PDF page 39) and Appendix F (PDF pages 131-899) in the Final Report for more details. TMCL6 GDTR3 19960229 TMCL7 Set dominance data for each spectral region: Determine which spectral regions should be retained when mapping areas covered more than one TM scene. See page 36 (PDF page 46) of the Final Report for more details. TMCL7 19960208 TMCL8 Standardize final products and validate attributes. See page 47 (PDF page 56) of the Final Report for more details. TMCL8 19960311 TMCL9 Combine the 18 TM scenes into one data set and save only the covertype attribute. TMCL9 19960311 TMCL10 raster grid cell 19478 20897 Albers Conical Equal Area 46 48 -109.5 44.25 600000 0 row and column 30 30 meters North American Datum of 1927 Clarke 1866 6378206.4 294.98 LandCover_USFSR1_1992.tif.vat.dbf Land cover grid cell value attributes OID database record number VALUE grid cell value COUNT count of number of grid cells with this value LC_CODE Code for Land cover type assigned to the region 1000 Urban 2000 Agricultural 2101 Dry-land crop 2102 Irrigated crop 2103 Dry-land pasture 2104 Irrigated pasture 3101 Foothills Grasslands 3102 Disturbed Grasslands 3103 Herbaceous Clearcut 3104 Montane Parklands and Subalpine Meadows 3201 Mesic Upland Shrubland 3202 Warm Mesic Shrubland 3203 Cold Mesic Shrubland 3301 Curlleaf Mountain Mahogany 3302 Gambel Oak 3303 Skunkbrush Sumac 3304 Bitterbrush 3305 Mountain Big Sagebrush 3306 Wyoming Big Sagebrush Steppe 3307 Basin Big Sagebrush Shrubland 3308 Black Sagebrush Steppe 3309 Silver Sage 3310 Salt-Desert Shrub 3311 Greasewood 3312 Rabbitbrush 3313 Creeping Juniper 3314 Shrub-Dominated Clearcut 3401 Other Shrubland 4101 Aspen 4102 Broadleaf Forest 4201 Engelmann Spruce 4203 Lodgepole Pine 4205 Limber Pine 4206 Ponderosa Pine 4207 Grand Fir 4208 Subalpine Fir 4210 Western Red Cedar 4211 Western Hemlock 4212 Douglas-Fir 4213 Pinyon-Juniper 4214 Rocky Mountain Juniper 4215 Western Larch 4219 Mixed Whitebark Pine Forest 4220 Mixed Subalpine Forest 4221 Mixed Mesic Forest 4222 Mixed Xeric Forest 4223 Douglas-Fir-Lodgepole Forest 4224 Standing burnt and dead timber 4225 Douglas-Fir-Grand Fir Forest 4226 Western Red Cedar-Grand Fir Forest 4227 Western Red Cedar-W. Hemlock Forest 4228 Western Larch-Lodgepole Forest 4229 Western Larch-Douglas-Fir Forest 4301 Mixed Needleleaf/Broadleaf Forest 5000 Water 6102 Broadleaf Dominated Riparian Forest 7300 Exposed rock 7400 Barren Alpine Tundra 7500 Mines, Quarries, and Gravel Pits 7701 Bare Clearcut 7800 Mixed Barren Land 7900 Shoreline and Stream Gravel Bars 8100 Alpine Meadow 8101 Alpine Meadow 9100 Perennial Snow or Ice 9800 Cloud 9900 Cloud Shadow LANDCOVER Explanation of the LC_CODE value SYMGROUP Numeric Arc/Info Workstation symbol number that was used to map the data. This value can be used to group the land cover types into a smaller number of classes 1 Cloud Shadow 2 Urban 7 Agricultural 8 Barren 13 Grassland 19 Mesic (moist) shrubland 38 Mesic (moist) needleleaf Forest 40 Cedar/Hemlock Forest 52 Water 56 Mixed needleleaf/broadleaf forest 78 Broadleaf forest 82 Xeric (dry) needleleaf forest 85 Xeric (dry) shrubland 90 Broadleaf riparian forest 94 Subalpine forest 97 Standing burnt or dead timber 109 gravel bar 329 Clouds, snow, or ice Riparian_USFSR1_1992.tif.vat.dbf Riparian land cover grid cell value attributes OID database record number Value grid cell value Count count of number of grid cells with this value LC_Code Code for riparian land cover type assigned to the region 6101 Needleleaf Dominated Riparian Forest 6102 Broadleaf Dominated Riparian Forest 6103 Needleaf-Broadleaf Riparian Forest 6104 Mixed Riparian (Forest and Non-forest) 6201 Graminoid and Forb Dominated Riparian 6202 Shrub Dominated Riparian 6203 Mixed Non-forest Riparian LandCover Explanation of the LC_Code value LifeForm_USFSR1_1992.tif.vat.dbf Lifeform grid cell value attributes OID database record number VALUE grid cell value COUNT count of number of grid cells with this value CHARCODE Code for Lifeform type assigned to the region N Not Vegetated T Tree S Shrub H Herbaceous A Agriculture Canopy_USFSR1_1992.tif.vat.dbf Canopy closure grid cell value attributes OID database record number VALUE grid cell value and canopy closure code 0 Not applicable 1 Low tree (15-39 percent) 2 Medium tree (40-69 percent) 3 High tree (70-100 percent) 4 Low shrub (15-39 percent) 5 Medium shrub (40-70 percent) 6 High shrub (70-100 percent) COUNT count of number of grid cells with this value Definition Explanation of the canopy closure class code SizeClass_USFSR1_1992.tif.vat.dbf Tree and shrub size class grid cell value attributes OID database record number VALUE grid cell value and size class code 0 Not Applicable 1 Seedling/Sapling 2 Pole tree 3 Medium tree 4 Large/very large tree 5 Low shrub 6 Medium shrub 7 Tall shrub COUNT count of number of grid cells with this value Definition Explanation of the canopy closure class code Montana State Library mailing address

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Helena MT 59620-1800 406-444-5354 Montana Relay 711 406-444-0266 geoinfo@mt.gov Offline Data The Montana State Library Geographic Information Services provides this product/service for informational purposes only. The Library did not produce it for, nor is it suitable for legal, engineering, or surveying purposes. Consumers of this information should review or consult the primary data and information sources to ascertain the viability of the information for their purposes. The Library provides these data in good faith but does not represent or warrant its accuracy, adequacy, or completeness. In no event shall the Library be liable for any incorrect results or analysis; any direct, indirect, special, or consequential damages to any party; or any lost profits arising out of or in connection with the use or the inability to use the data or the services provided. The Library makes these data and services available as a convenience to the public, and for no other purpose. The Library reserves the right to change or revise published data and/or services at any time. 20150608 19960815 Montana State Library mailing address

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Helena MT 59620-1800 406-444-5354 Montana Relay 711 406-444-0266 geoinfo@mt.gov FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998 {a631df49-bc51-4558-851f-6a3a1a1c02a6}